This review focuses on CBRNM in eleven (11) countries in Southern Africa, namely, Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. and Tanzania. The purpose is to profile issues relating to human rights, food security and climate change which they face and assess the available legal framework which aids or undermines protection. For each of the eleven countries, the review sets out (1) a brief description of the country and CBRMN; (2) Threat to food security and human rights (3) Peculiar threat of climate change to sustainable use (4) Potential contribution of sustainable use to climate adaptation and mitigation (5) Legal and Policy environment.